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Jumat, 10 Desember 2010

Gambar-Gambar Menakjubkan Permukaan Planet Mars

Diambil dari buku 'Postcards From Mars' karangan by Jim Bell, Inilah gambar-gambar menakjubkan dari permukaan planet Mars yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan planet Merah, tetangga bumi yang masih penuh dengan misteri.

Sejak tahun 2004, NASA telah mengumpulkan lebih dari 250.000 foto dari perjalanan ekspedisi pesawat luar angkasa menelusuri Planet Mars. Gambar-gambar ini diambil dari mata robot yang berjalan di permukaan Mars.
Permukaan Planet Mars
While driving over the reddish rocks and soils of Mars, the rover's wheels dig below the thin dusty layer and reveal darker, brownish soils just  below. The circular tracks are "pirouettes" that the rovers occasionally do to align their radio antennas for best possible communications. Spirit rover, Pancam image, mission sol (martian day) 141 (May 26, 2004). From "Postcards from Mars" by Jim Bell; Photo credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell University

Permukaan Planet Mars
Spirit's last Postcard of the Columbia Hills, taken from the plains of Gusev Crater, before the rover climbed up into the hills.
Mission sol 149 (June 4, 2004). From "Postcards from Mars" by Jim Bell; Photo credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell University
Permukaan Planet Mars
A view from high in the Columbia Hills, looking over the rover's right solar panel "wing" and down into the Tennessee Valley. Just like on Earth, hills and ridges on Mars are windy places.The wind creates sand dunes and scours rocks; sometimes it also cleans the dust off the rover's solar panels!
Spirit rover Pancam image, mission sol 582 (August 23, 2005).
Permukaan Planet Mars
Spirit shot this 360° false color Pancam view, called the "Seminole" panorama, on sols 672-677 (Nov. 23-28, 2005) while descending the southern slopes of Husband Hill.
Permukaan Planet Mars
This Spirit Pancam false-color panorama from mission sols 748-751 (February 9-12, 2006) shows what could be finely-layered lithified ash fall deposits along the edge of an ancient, worn-down volcanic cinder cone called Home Plate.
Permukaan Planet Mars
This Spirit Pancam sol 788 (April 12, 2006) mosaic shows a dramatic example of whiteish and yellowish salty soils dug up by the rover's wheels in what may once have been a hydrothermal vent near the ancient volcanic feature called Home Plate.
Permukaan Planet Mars
This low-Sun panorama was shot from the Spirit Pancam, looking towards Husband Hill in the late afternoon of mission sol 813 (April 16, 2006). It seemed cooler to display the image in old-school sepia tones rather than plain old black-and-white.
Permukaan Planet Mars
In late 2008, Spirit got bogged down in the soft salty soils around an ancient volcanic feature called Home Plate. This Pancam sol 1933 (June 10, 2009) false-color mosaic reveals the lovely variety of colors and textures in the soils where the rover is currently still stuck.
Permukaan Planet Mars
This Spirit Pancam false-color postcard, taken on mission sol 2114 (January 4, 2010) shows a volcanic hill called Von Braun, which could be the rover's next exploration target once the rover emerges from its long winter hibernation.
Permukaan Planet Mars
A Postcard from the Opportunity rover's Pancam taken on sols 58 to 60 (March 23-25, 2004) that we called the "Lion King" panorama, because it was acquired from a majestic outlook just outside the rim of 22-meter wide Eagle crater.
Permukaan Planet Mars
Sometimes use the rovers' UV and infrared imaging capability to create "false color" images of martian terrains, like this view of sand dunes at the bottom of Endurance crater. False color photos are scientifically useful, but they are often just as valuable as garish and lovely artistic renderings that would make Andy Warhol proud...
Permukaan Planet Mars
Postcard of the crater created after the Opportunity rover's heat shield was jettisoned during the January 24, 2004 landing. This is the youngest (known) impact crater on Mars.
Permukaan Planet Mars
n Opportunity false-color self-portrait mosaic taken from Erebus crater on mission sols 652-666 (November 23-28, 2005) was computer processed into a vertical projection to simulate looking down on the rover and surrounding outcrop rocks.
Permukaan Planet Mars
Having completed the study of Victoria crater in late 2008, Opportunity is now heading towards an even larger crater called Endeavour. Even using new driving methods like the obstacle-avoidance software shown tested here in this sol 1162 (May 2, 2007) Pancam postcard, the rover won't get to Endeavour until sometime in 2011 or maybe even 2012.

Permukaan Planet Mars
The exploration of Victoria crater by Opportunity revealed some of the most dramatic and picturesque landscapes yet encountered by either rover. This Pancam sol 1167 (May 7, 2007) false-color mosaic shows some of the steep, layered cliffs of the promontory called Cape of Good Hope.
Permukaan Planet Mars
Opportunity occasionally encounters iron and nickel meteorites while driving across the plains of Meridiani. This Pancam sol 1961 (July 30, 2009) false-color mosaic shows a close up of one called Block Island, which is about 70 cm (28 in) across.

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